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Health, Health Care, and Fundamental Moral Values

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KMID : 0350819900040010001
À̼ҿì ( Lee So-Woo ) - Seoul National University College of Medicine Department of Nursing

¾ö¿µ¶õ ( Um Young-Rhan ) - Seoul National University College of Medicine Department of Nursing

Abstract

º» ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀº º¯È­ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼¼°è ¼Ó¿¡¼­ °Ç°­°³³ä°ú °Ç°­°ü¸®ÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô º¯È­Çß´ÂÁö °íÂûÇÏ°í, °£È£»ç¸¦ ºñ·ÔÇÏ¿© °Ç°­°ü¸® Àü¹®ÀεéÀÌ Á÷¸éÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â »õ·Î¿î µµ´ö¹®Á¦¿Í ÀÌ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÔ¿¡ µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â À±¸®¿ø¸®µéÀ» ±Ô¸íÇÏ·Á´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. °Ç°­°³³ä°ú °Ç°­°ü¸® Ư¼ºÀÇ º¯È­´Â ¿ª»çÀû Á¢±Ù ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© °íÂûÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±× °á°ú °Ç°­°³³ä°ú ÃÊÀÚ¿¬Àû, Á¾±³ÀûÀÎ °Í¿¡¼­ ÀÚ¿¬Àû, ÀÚ¿¬°úÇÐÀûÀÎ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¯È­ÇÏ¿´°í, Çö´ë¿¡´Â ÀüÀÎÀûÀÎ Ãø¸éÀÌ °­ÇØÁüÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í °Ç°­°ü¸®ÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀº ¿ø½Ã½Ã´ë¿¡´Â °³Àΰú ½Å°úÀÇ °ü°Ô¸¦ ÁßÀçÇÏ·Á´Â °Í¿¡¼­ Áúº´ÀÇ ¿øÀÎ (¿¹, ¼¼±Õ)À» ¹àÇô À̸¦ Á¦°ÅÇÏ·Á´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î º¯È­ÇÏ¿´°í Çö´ë¿¡´Â °³º°¼º°ú ÀüÀμºÀÌ °­Á¶µÇ¾î º¹Áö¸¦ ÁõÁøÇÏ·Á´Â Ư¼ºÀ» º¸ÀÌ°í ÀÖÀ½À» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÌ»óÀº Çö´ëÀÇ °Ç°­°ü¸®°¡ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â º¹ÇÕÀûÀÎ ¹®Á¦µé°ú µµ´öÀû °¥µî¡¤¹®Á¦¸¦ ÀÏÀ¸Å°°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ °£È£»çµéÀº Á÷¾÷Àû Ư¼ºÀ¸·Î ¸»¹Ì¾Ï¾Æ ½É°¢ÇÑ µµ´öÀû °¥µîÀ» °æÇèÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½À» µÎ °¡Áö »ç·Ê¸¦ µé¾î À±¸®¿øÄ¢°ú ICN ¿ø¸® µî¿¡ ÀÔ°¢ÇÏ¿© ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´´Ù. °Ç°­°³³ä°ú °Ç°­°ü¸® Ư¼ºÀÇ ¿ª»çÀû °íÂû°ú °£È£»ç¸¦ ºñ·ÔÇÑ °Ç°­°ü¸® Àü¹®ÀεéÀÌ Á÷¸éÇÏ´Â µµ´öÀû ¹®Á¦µéÀÇ ºÐ¼®À» ÅëÇÏ¿© µµ´öÀûÀ¸·Î ¿äûµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ±âº»°¡Ä¡´Â "ÀΰÝÁ¸Á¾"ÀÓÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. º»°í¿¡¼­´Â À̸¦ ´ëÀüÁ¦·Î ÇÏ¿© °£È£»çµéÀÌ ½Ç¹«¿¡¼­ ºÎµúÈ÷°Ô µÇ´Â µµ´öÀû °¥µî°ú ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇϴµ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â 6°³ÀÇ À±¸®¿ø¸®µéÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ°í ü°èÀûÀÎ µµ´öÀû ¼ºÂû¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©µµ »ìÆ캸¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °íÂû°ú ºÐ¼®Àº ±Þº¯ÇÏ´Â Çö´ë»çȸ ¼Ó¿¡¼­ ÀÇ·á°¡ ŸÀÎÀÇ »ý¸í¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀÌ Áö´ëÇØÁö°í °Ë»ç³ª Ä¡·á¹æ¹ýÀÇ ¼±ÅÃÁö°¡ ´Ù¾çÇØÁ® °£È£»ç¸¦ ºñ·ÔÇÑ °Ç°­°ü¸® ¿ä¿øµéÀÌ °¥µî°ú È¥¶õÀ» °æÇèÇÒ ¶§ ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÑ ÇൿÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇϵµ·Ï ¾È³»ÇØÁÖ´Â ±âÃÊÀûÀÎ Á¦½Ã°¡ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç °£È£À±¸®¿øÄ¢ ¼³Á¤¿¡ µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
The purpose of this paper is to examine changing concepts of health and health care in the changing world, to identify new moral issues faced by health care professionals, and to suggest nursing ethical principles that may be helpful in dealing with these issues.
According to historical review, we examined the changing concept of health and health care. The concepts of health have been changed from supernatural to natural and from natural to holistic. The characteristics of the health care have also been changed; mediating the relationship between individual and god; remedying the cause of disease, i.e., microorganism; improving the
holistic individualistic well-being.
Through the above examination we knew modern concept of halth and health care to be changed to holistic and individualistic. On the other side of this development of modern health care, many moral problems and conflicts have been raised among health professional workers during their work.
For resolving this problem, we suggested the principle of respect for person as fundamental value and 6 basic ethical principles-the principle of autonomy, the principle of nonmaleficence, the principle of beneficence,. the principle of justice, the principle of double effects, and the principle of the totality of the human person. We thought that we should manage the moral conflicts by reflective moral consideration upon these principles.

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